Medical Science Optional

Applied anatomy including blood and nerve supply of upper and lower limbs and joints of shoulder, hip and knee

Gross anatomy, blood supply and lymphatic drainage

• Tongue

• Thyroid

• Mammary gland

• Stomach

• Liver

• Prostate

• Gonads

• Uterus

Applied anatomy of diaphragm, perineum and inguinal region

Clinical anatomy of kidney, urinary bladder, uterine tubes, vas deferens

Embryology

• Placenta and placental barrier

• Development of heart, gut, kidney, uterus, ovary, testis and their common congenital abnormalities

Central and peripheral autonomic nervous system

• Gross and clinical anatomy of ventricles of brain, circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

• Neural pathways and lesions of cutaneous sensations, hearing and vision

• Cranial nerves distribution and clinical significance

• Components of autonomic nervous system

Conduction and transmission of impulse

Mechanism of contraction

Neuromuscular transmission

Reflexes

Control of equilibrium, posture and muscle tone

Descending pathways

Functions of cerebellum, basal ganglia

Physiology of sleep and consciousness

Endocrine system

• Mechanism of action of hormones

• Formation, secretion, transport, metabolism, function and regulation of secretion of pancreas and pituitary gland

Physiology of reproductive system

• Menstrual cycle

• Lactation

• Pregnancy

Blood

• Development, regulation and fate of blood cells

Cardio-vascular

• Cardiac output

• Blood pressure

• Regulation of cardiovascular functions

Organ function tests — liver, kidney, thyroid

Protein synthesis

Vitamins and minerals

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Radio-immunoassays (RIA)

Inflammation and repair

Disturbances of growth and cancer

Pathogenesis and histopathology of rheumatic and ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus

Differentiation between benign, malignant, primary and metastatic malignancies

Pathogenesis and histopathology of bronchogenic carcinoma, carcinoma breast, oral cancer, cancer cervix, leukemia

• Bronchogenic carcinoma

• Carcinoma breast

• Oral cancer

• Cancer cervix

• Leukemia

Etiology, pathogenesis and histopathology of cirrhosis liver, glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, acute osteomyelitis

• Cirrhosis liver

• Glomerulonephritis

• Tuberculosis

• Acute osteomyelitis

Humoral and cell mediated immunity

Diseases caused by and laboratory diagnosis of

• Meningococcus

• Salmonella

• Shigella

• Herpes

• Dengue

• Polio

• HIV/AIDS

• Malaria

• E. histolytica

• Giardia

• Candida

• Cryptococcus

• Aspergillus

Mechanism of action and side effects of the following drugs

• Antipyretics and analgesics

• Antibiotics

• Antimalaria

• Antikala-azar

• Antidiabetics

• Antihypertensive

• Antidiuretics

• General and cardiac vasodilators

• Antiviral

• Antiparasitic

• Antifungal

• Immunosuppressants

• Anticancer

Forensic examination of injuries and wounds

Examination of blood and seminal stains

Poisoning

Sedative overdose

Hanging

Drowning

Burns

DNA and finger print study

Communicable diseases — etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and principles of management (including prevention)

• Typhoid

• Rabies

• AIDS

• Dengue

• Kala-azar

• Japanese encephalitis

Etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and principles of management

• Ischaemic heart disease

• Pulmonary embolism

• Bronchial asthma

• Pleural effusion

• Tuberculosis

• Malabsorption syndromes

• Acid peptic diseases

• Viral hepatitis and cirrhosis of liver

• Glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis

• Renal failure

• Nephrotic syndrome

• Renovascular hypertension

• Complications of diabetes mellitus

• Coagulation disorders

• Leukaemia

• Hypo and hyper thyroidism

• Meningitis and encephalitis

Imaging in medical problems

• Ultrasound

• Echo-cardiogram

• CT scan

• MRI

Anxiety and depressive psychosis

Schizophrenia

ECT

Immunization

Baby friendly hospital

Congenital cyanotic heart disease

Respiratory distress syndrome

Broncho-pneumonias

Kernicterus

IMNCI classification and management

PEM grading and management

ARI and diarrhea of under five and their management

Psoriasis

Allergic dermatitis

Scabies

Eczema

Vitiligo

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Lichen planus

Clinical features, causes, diagnosis and principles of management of cleft palate, harelip

• Cleft palate

• Harelip

Laryngeal tumour

Oral and esophageal tumours

Peripheral arterial diseases

Varicose veins

Coarctation of aorta

Tumours of thyroid

Tumours of adrenal glands

Abscess, cancer, fibroadenoma and adenosis of breast

Bleeding peptic ulcer

Tuberculosis of bowel

Ulcerative colitis

Cancer stomach

Renal mass

Cancer prostate

Haemothorax

Stones of gall bladder, kidney, ureter and urinary bladder

Management of surgical conditions of rectum, anus and anal canal, gall bladder and bile ducts

Splenomegaly

Cholecystitis

Portal hypertension

Liver abscess

Peritonitis

Carcinoma head of pancreas

Fractures of spine

Colles' fracture

Bone tumors

Endoscopy

Laparoscopic surgery

Diagnosis of pregnancy

Labour management

Complications of 3rd stage

Antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage

Resuscitation of the newborn

Management of abnormal lie and difficult labour

Management of small for date or premature newborn

Diagnosis and management of anemia

Preeclampsia and toxaemias of pregnancy

Management of post-menopausal syndrome

Intra-uterine devices, pills, tubectomy and vasectomy

Medical termination of pregnancy including legal aspects

Cancer cervix

Leucorrhoea

Pelvic pain

Infertility

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

Amenorrhoea

Fibroid and prolapse of uterus

Principles, methods, approach and measurements of epidemiology

Nutrition, nutritional diseases/disorders and nutrition programmes

Health information collection, analysis and presentation

Objectives, components and critical analysis of national programmes for control/eradication of

• Malaria

• Kala-azar

• Filaria

• Tuberculosis

• HIV/AIDS

• STDs

• Dengue

Critical appraisal of health care delivery system

Health management and administration; techniques, tools, programme implementation and evaluation

Objectives, components, goals and status

• Reproductive and Child Health

• National Rural Health Mission

• Millennium Development Goals

Management of hospital and industrial waste